![]() ![]() A popular scientific magazine dedicated a complete issue to the many facets of gender identity and its shifting understanding. The traditional gender dichotomy is being increasingly called into question, both in popular discourse as well as in the scientific domain. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. MW was supported by Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena (ThULB). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.įunding: MW was supported by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG grant WE 5757, ). Received: AugAccepted: NovemPublished: December 20, 2018Ĭopyright: © 2018 Weirich, Simpson. PLoS ONE 13(12):Įditor: Simone Sulpizio, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, ITALY Acoustic parameters used by listeners to attribute gender identity include those used by speakers to index masculinity/femininity.The investigation demonstrates the importance of including self-ascribed gender identity as a potential source of inter-speaker variation in speech production and perception even in a sample of heterosexual adult speakers.Ĭitation: Weirich M, Simpson AP (2018) Gender identity is indexed and perceived in speech. A significant correlation between speakers’ self-ascribed and listeners’ attributed gender identity was found with a stronger relationship for female listeners. Results show that male speakers judging themselves to be less masculine exhibited larger vowel spaces and higher average fundamental frequency.For the perception experiment, a group of 21 listeners (11 males, 10 females) judged masculinity of single word male stimuli drawn from the collected speech sample. ![]() A range of acoustic parameters (acoustic vowel space size, fundamental frequency, sibilant spectral characteristics) were measured in speech collected from a picture describing task. For the production study, a sample of 37 German speaking subjects (20 males, 17 females) filled out a questionnaire to assess their self-ascribed masculinity/femininity on two scales. This study investigates a possible relationship between perceived and self-ascribed gender identity and the respective acoustic correlates in a group of young heterosexual adult speakers. ![]()
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